Dhanesh Solanki

This is a very common situation in any kind of social interaction: individuals typically come to the table with different backgrounds, habits, ideas, cultures, perspectives and even languages. To be able to communicate at all, they should first agree about a common set of terms and what those terms mean. This is the emergence of linguistic conventions. Then they should agree about basic assumptions, such as what the situation is, what can be done about it, and what should be done about it. Finally, they will need to agree about who will do what when. If successful, this sequence of agreements will lead to a coordinated form of action, where the different members of the group contribute in an efficient way to a collective solution of whatever their problem was. This phenomenon, where a group of initially independent agents develop a collective approach to the tackling of some shared problem that is more powerful than the approach any of them might have developed individually, may be ca

The behavior of a single ant, bee, termite and wasp often is too simple, but their collective and social behavior is of paramount significance. A look at National Geographic TV Channel also reveals that advanced mammals including lions also enjoy social lives, perhaps for their self-existence at old age and in particular when they are wounded. The collective and social behavior of living creatures motivated researchers to undertake the study of swarm intelligence. Historically, the phrase Swarm Intelligence (SI) was coined by Beny &Wang in late 1980s in the context of cellular robotics. A group of researchers in different parts of the world started working almost at the same time to study the versatile behavior of different living creatures. SI systems are typically made up of a population of simple agents (an entity capable of performing/executing certain operations) interacting locally with one another and with their environment. Although there is normally no centralize